Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Bovine CCL28 Mediates Chemotaxis via CCR10 and Demonstrates Direct Antimicrobial Activity against Mastitis Causing Bacteria

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138084

Figure Lengend Snippet: Alignment of bovine, pig, murine and human CCL28 sequences demonstrates high amino acid homology at the N-terminus of the protein and lower homology at the C-terminus. Asterisks (*) denote amino acid changes between murine, pig, human and bovine CCL28 sequences. The RKDRK sequence, which has previously been shown to be essential for optimal antimicrobial function of mCCL28 and corresponding bovine sequence, is boxed.

Article Snippet: All reagents used in ELISA assays were marketed as the Human CCL28 DuoSet ELISA kit, although designed for detection of human CCL28, these reagents were found to cross react with bCCL28 with a sensitivity of ~5ng/ml (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Bovine CCL28 Mediates Chemotaxis via CCR10 and Demonstrates Direct Antimicrobial Activity against Mastitis Causing Bacteria

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138084

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cells expressing mCCR10 were placed in the upper chamber and allowed to migrate for 1.5hrs. Both murine and bovine CCL28 mediated migration of CCR10 transfectants significantly better than empty vector controls *p<0.05, as determined by Mann Whitney U test. Results are from four separate experiments. Average migration of cells migrating to mCCL28 was 18.4% (SE 3.71), migration to bCCL28 9.4% (SE 2.12), and migration to empty vector 0.1% (SE 0.01). Error bars represent standard error of the mean. NS = Not Significant.

Article Snippet: All reagents used in ELISA assays were marketed as the Human CCL28 DuoSet ELISA kit, although designed for detection of human CCL28, these reagents were found to cross react with bCCL28 with a sensitivity of ~5ng/ml (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Migration, Plasmid Preparation, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Bovine CCL28 Mediates Chemotaxis via CCR10 and Demonstrates Direct Antimicrobial Activity against Mastitis Causing Bacteria

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138084

Figure Lengend Snippet: E . coli was incubated with 0.25 μM of mouse or bovine CCL28 or CCL27 for 2 hours. Percent survival was calculated using the following equation: (CFU pathogen + chemokine /CFU pathogen only ) x 100. **p<0.01 as determined by Mann Whitney U test. Results are from three separate experiments, each performed in duplicate. Survival of bacteria in the CCL27 treated groups was scaled to 100% and the amount of killing in the CCL28 treated groups is shown as percent survival compared to the CCL27 treated group. Average bacterial survival seen in mCCL28 treated bacteria 28.3% (SE 1.35), survival observed in bCCL28 treated bacteria 30.3% (SE 1.29). Error bars represent standard error of the mean.

Article Snippet: All reagents used in ELISA assays were marketed as the Human CCL28 DuoSet ELISA kit, although designed for detection of human CCL28, these reagents were found to cross react with bCCL28 with a sensitivity of ~5ng/ml (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Incubation, MANN-WHITNEY, Bacteria

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Bovine CCL28 Mediates Chemotaxis via CCR10 and Demonstrates Direct Antimicrobial Activity against Mastitis Causing Bacteria

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138084

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bovine CCL28 demonstrates dose dependent antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( A) , methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (B) , Streptococcus uberis (C) , and Streptococcus agalactiae (D) . Bacteria were incubated with varied doses of bCCL28 or bCCL27 for 1 hour. Percent survival was calculated using the following equation: (CFU pathogen + chemokine /CFU pathogen only ) x 100. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 as determined by Mann Whitney U test. Results are from four or more separate experiments. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Details on percent survival, standard error, and the number of times each experiment was performed are available in .

Article Snippet: All reagents used in ELISA assays were marketed as the Human CCL28 DuoSet ELISA kit, although designed for detection of human CCL28, these reagents were found to cross react with bCCL28 with a sensitivity of ~5ng/ml (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Bacteria, Incubation, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Bovine CCL28 Mediates Chemotaxis via CCR10 and Demonstrates Direct Antimicrobial Activity against Mastitis Causing Bacteria

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138084

Figure Lengend Snippet: Milk CCL28 levels were determined by ELISA using antibodies generated against human CCL28. No correlation was seen between somatic cell counts and CCL28 protein levels in bovine milk (A). A strong correlation was seen (R 2 = 0.35) between higher levels of CCL28 at the beginning of lactation (B). Diamonds represent individual milk samples. X’s represent the average CCL28 level for each time point indicated in the x-axis.

Article Snippet: All reagents used in ELISA assays were marketed as the Human CCL28 DuoSet ELISA kit, although designed for detection of human CCL28, these reagents were found to cross react with bCCL28 with a sensitivity of ~5ng/ml (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Generated

Journal: Journal of Translational Medicine

Article Title: Re-analysis of single cell and spatial transcriptomics data reveals B cell landscape in gastric cancer microenvironment and its potential crosstalk with tumor cells for clinical prognosis

doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05606-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: B cell profiles of immune microenvironment in human gastric cancer. A Unified manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) of 166,533 single cells from 10 patients, colored by main cell types. B Umap plot of B cells. C Bubble plot showing the expression of marker genes in major B cell subpopulations. D Histography of the different B cells components in each tissue. E Scatter plot showing the independent cell distribution based on the expression of IgG and IgA. F Bubble plot showing the expression of marker genes in major plasma cell subpopulations. G Histography of the different plasma cells components in each tissue. H Umap plot showing the gene expression of CCL28 (Up) and CCR10 (Down). I The mIF showed the expression levels of EPCAM, CCL28, CCR10, and CD138 in NR (PFS = 2.07 m, up) and R (PFS = 11.1 m, down)

Article Snippet: According to the instructions for using the FineTest CCL28 ELISA kit (EM1932), take the kit at room temperature.

Techniques: Expressing, Marker, Clinical Proteomics, Gene Expression

Journal: Journal of Translational Medicine

Article Title: Re-analysis of single cell and spatial transcriptomics data reveals B cell landscape in gastric cancer microenvironment and its potential crosstalk with tumor cells for clinical prognosis

doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05606-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibiting CCL28 can promote the inhibition of tumor progression and the effectiveness of immunotherapy. A-I 615 mice were implanted with 1 × 10 6 MFC cells and received (1) IgG isotype control (IgG); (2) shCCL28, (3) PD-L1 mAb, or (4) shCCL28 plus PD-L1 mAb (Comb). A schematic view of the treatment plan (A) , tumor image (B) , tumor volume (D , E) , weight (F) , and overall survival (G) were measured every 2 days, n = 6 mice per group. C Representative diagram of flow cytometry. H , I The percentages of tumor-infiltrating B, CD3 + T, CD8 + T, CD4 + T, IFN + CD8 + T, GZMB + CD8 + T, MDSC and DC were analyzed by flow cytometry. n = 5–6/group. J-M The tumor volume (J , K) , weight (L) , and overall survival (M) of MC38 cell line in vivo

Article Snippet: According to the instructions for using the FineTest CCL28 ELISA kit (EM1932), take the kit at room temperature.

Techniques: Inhibition, Control, Flow Cytometry, In Vivo